Modeling the impact of wilderness orientation programs on first-year academic success and life purpose
Bailey A.W.; Kang H.-K.
2015
Journal of Adventure Education and Outdoor Learning
10
10.1080/14729679.2014.949809
Wilderness orientation programs (WOPs) are becoming a popular method of encouraging college student retention and success. Previous studies have identified outcomes and correlates of participation in these programs, but a cohesive model of impact is lacking. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of WOPs on first-year student success and sense of purpose. A secondary aim was to elucidate predictors and correlates of WOPs identified in previous research. Participants included 295 students at a liberal arts college. Results indicate that WOP participants demonstrated higher levels of first-semester social engagement and reflection, thus leading to higher grade point average, better retention and a higher sense of life purpose. WOP participation, however, had a negative direct influence on sense of purpose. These findings are discussed in light of previous research, presenting a preliminary model of WOP influence on first-year academic success. © 2014 Institute for Outdoor Learning.
retention; sense of purpose; student engagement; wilderness orientation
Abele A., Spurk D., How do objective and subjective career success interrelate over time?, Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 82, 4, pp. 803-824, (2009); Allen J., Robbins S., Casillas A., Oh I., Third-year college retention and transfer: Effects of academic performance, motivation, and social connectedness, Research in Higher Education, 49, pp. 647-664, (2008); Astin A.W., Sax L.J., Avalos J., Long-term effects of volunteerism during the undergraduate years, The Review of Higher Education, 22, 2, pp. 187-202, (1999); Babyak M.A., Snyder C.R., Yoshinobu L., Psychometric properties of the Hope Scale: A confirmatory factor analysis, Journal of Research in Personality, 27, pp. 154-169, (1993); Bailey A.W., Fernando I., Routine and project-based leisure, happiness and meaning in life, Journal of Leisure Research, 44, 2, pp. 139-154, (2012); Bailey A.W., Kuiper K., Kang H.K., Personal, environmental, and social predictors of camp staff burnout, Journal of Outdoor Recreation, Education, and Leadership, 4, 3, pp. 157-171, (2012); Bailey A.W., Russell K.C., Predictors of interpersonal growth in volunteer tourism: A latent curve approach, Leisure Sciences, 32, 4, pp. 352-368, (2010); Bandura A., Caprara G., Barbaranelli C., Gerbino M., Pastorelli C., Role of affective self-regulatory efficacy in diverse spheres of psychosocial functioning, Child Development, 74, 3, pp. 769-782, (2003); Battista J., Almond R., The development of meaning in life, Psychiatry, 36, 4, pp. 409-427, (1973); Baxter Magolda M.B., Creating contexts for learning and self-authorship: Constructive-developmental pedagogy, (1999); Beames S., Atencio M., Building social capital through outdoor education, Journal of Adventure Education and Outdoor Learning, 9, 1, pp. 99-112, (2009); Bell B.J., Wilderness orientation: Exploring the relationship between college preorientation programs and social support, Journal of Experiential Education, 29, 2, pp. 145-167, (2006); Bell B.J., Holmes M.R., Vigneault B., Williams B., Student involvement: Critical concerns of outdoor orientation programs, Journal of Experiential Education, 30, 3, pp. 253-257, (2008); Bobilya A.J., Akey L., Mitchell Jr D., Outcomes of a spiritually focused wilderness orientation program, Journal of Experiential Education, 31, 3, pp. 440-443, (2009); Bobilya A.J., Kalisch K.R., McAvoy L.H., Jacobs J., A mixed method investigation of the solo in a wilderness experience program, 7, pp. 1-18, (2005); Bodner E., Bergman Y.S., Cohen-Fridel S., Do attachment styles affect the presence and search for meaning in life?, Journal of Happiness Studies, (2013); Bonebright C., Clay D., Ankenmann R., The relationship of workaholism with work-life conflict, life satisfaction, and purpose in life, Journal of Counseling Psychology, 47, pp. 469-477, (2000); Brody E., Hatfield B., Spalding T., Generalization of self-efficacy to a continuum of stressors upon mastery of a high risk sport skill, Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 10, pp. 32-44, (1988); Byrne B.M., Structural Equation Modeling with Amos, (2001); Chamberlain K., Zika S., Religiosity, life meaning, and well-being: Some relationships in a sample of women, Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 27, pp. 411-420, (1988); Coyle T., Pillow D., SAT and ACT predict college GPA after removing g, Intelligence, 36, 6, pp. 719-729, (2008); Cremin L.A., Public education, (1990); Dewey J., Democracy and education, (1916); Duckworth A.L., Seligman M.E.P., Self-discipline outdoes IQ in predicting academic performance of adolescents, Psychological Science, 16, 12, pp. 939-944, (2005); Edwards R., Ranson S., Strain M., Reflexivity: Towards a theory of lifelong learning, International Journal of Lifelong Education, 21, 6, pp. 525-536, (2002); Erikson E.H., The life cycle completed, (1982); Ethier K., Deaux K., Negotiating social identity when contexts change: Maintaining identification and responding to threat, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67, 2, pp. 243-251, (1994); Frankl V., Man’s search for meaning, (2006); Gass M., The effects of a wilderness orientation program on college students, Journal of Experiential Education, 10, 2, pp. 30-33, (1987); Gass M., Garvey D., Sugerman D., The long-term effects of a first-year student wilderness orientation program, Journal of Experiential Education, 26, 1, pp. 34-40, (2003); Goleman D., Emotional intelligence: Why it can matter more than IQ, (1995); Gray D.E., Doing research in the real world, (2005); Harlow L.L., Newcomb M.D., Bentler P.M., Depression, self-derogation, substance use, and suicide ideation: Lack of purpose in life as a mediational factor, Journal of Clinical Psychology, 42, pp. 5-21, (1986); Hattie J., Marsh H.W., Neill J.T., Richards G.E., Adventure education and outward bound: Out-of-class experiences that make a lasting difference, Review of Educational Research, 67, 1, pp. 43-87, (1997); Jernigan C., What do students expect to learn? The role of learner expectancies, beliefs, and attributions for success and failure in student motivation, Current Issues in Education, 7, (2004); Kekes J., Moral wisdom and good lives, (1995); Kline R.B., Principles and practice of structural equation modeling, (2005); Kolb D., Experiential learning: Experience as the source of learning and development, (1984); Livingstone H.A., Day A.L., Comparing the construct and criterion-related validity of ability-based and mixed-model measures of emotional intelligence, Educational and Psychological Measurement, 65, 5, pp. 757-779, (2005); Lubienski C.A., Lubienski S.T., The public school advantage: Why public schools outperform private schools, (2014); Luckner J., Nadler R., Processing the experience: Strategies to enhance and generalize learning, (1997); Lyubomirsky S., King L., Diener E., The benefits of frequent positive affect: Does happiness lead to success?, Psychological Bulletin, 131, 6, pp. 803-855, (2005); Miettinen R., The concept of experiential learning and John Dewey’s theory of reflective thought and action, International Journal of Lifelong Education, 19, 1, pp. 54-72, (2000); Miles J.C., Priest S., Adventure programming, (1999); Nicpon M., Huser L., Blanks E., Sollenberger S., Befort C., Kurpius S., The relationship of loneliness and social support with college freshmen’s academic performance and persistence, Journal of College Student Retention: Research, Theory & Practice, 8, 3, pp. 345-358, (2006); Nidich S., Rainforth M., Haaga D., Hagelin J., Salerno J., Travis F., Schneider R.H., A randomized controlled trial on effects of the Transcendental Meditation program on blood pressure, psychological distress, and coping in young adults, American Journal of Hypertension, 22, pp. 1326-1331, (2009); Orsuwan M., Cole D., The moderating effects of race/ethinicity on the experience of Asian American and Pacific Islander community college students, Asian American Policy Review, 16, pp. 61-85, (2007); Ouellette J., Wood W., Habit and intention in everyday life: The multiple processes by which past behavior predicts future behavior, Psychological Bulletin, 124, 1, pp. 54-74, (1998); Peschar J.L., Veenstra R., Molenaar I.W., Self-regulated learning as a cross-curricular competency: The construction of instruments in 22 countries for the PISA main study 2000(Synthesis report). Presented at the Network A Meeting in Echternach, Luxembourg, (1999); Putnam R.D., Community-based social capital and educational performance, Making good citizens: Education and civil society, pp. 58-95, (2001); Putnam R.D., Feldstein L.M., Better together: Restoring the American community, (2003); Richardson M.J., Pasupathi M., Young and growing wiser: Wisdom during adolescence and childhood, A handbook of wisdom: Psychological perspectives, pp. 139-159, (2005); Ridgell S.D., Lounsbury J.W., Predicting academic success: General intelligence, “Big Five” personality traits, and work drive, College Student Journal, 38, 4, pp. 1231-1239, (2004); Robbins S., Lauver K., Le H., Davis D., Langley R., Carlstrom A., Do psychosocial and study skill factors predict college outcomes? A meta-analysis, Psychological Bulletin, 130, 2, pp. 261-288, (2004); Roberts J., Beyond learning by doing: Theoretical currents in experiential education, (2011); Shamai S., Sense of place: An empirical measurement, Geoforum, 22, 3, pp. 347-358, (1991); Staudinger U.M., Pasupathi M., Correlates of wisdom-related performance in adolescence and adulthood: Age-graded differences in “paths” toward desirable development, Journal of Research on Adolescence, 13, 3, pp. 239-268, (2003); Steger M.F., Frazier P., Oishi S., Kaler M., The meaning in life questionnaire: Assessing the presence of and search for meaning in life, Journal of Counseling Psychology, 53, 1, pp. 80-93, (2006); Svanum S., Bigatti S.M., Academic course engagement during one semester forecasts college success: Engaged students are more likely to earn a degree, do it faster, and do it better, Journal of College Student Development, 50, 1, pp. 120-132, (2009); (2002); Walsh V., Golins G., The exploration of the Outward Bound process, (1976); Wolfe B., Kay G., Perceived impact of an outdoor orientation program for first-year university students, Journal of Experiential Education, 34, 1, pp. 19-34, (2011); Yarzedjian A., Purswell K., Sevin T., Toews M.L., Adjusting to the first year of college: Students’ perceptions of the importance of parental, peer, and institutional support, Journal of First-Year Experience & Student Transition, 19, 2, pp. 29-46, (2007)
Routledge
Article
Scopus