CHI TIẾT NGHIÊN CỨU …

Tiêu đề

Motivating and Supporting Undergraduate Research through Green Chemistry: Experiences at a Small Liberal Arts University

Tác giả

Vanderzwaag J.; Du H.; Abraham L.

Năm xuất bản

2021

Source title

Journal of Chemical Education

Số trích dẫn

2

DOI

10.1021/acs.jchemed.0c01084

Liên kết

https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85100083451&doi=10.1021%2facs.jchemed.0c01084&partnerID=40&md5=7a1cb40139c8cf9ac8e6aa323373cf65

Tóm tắt

Although most instructors and institutions agree on its value, undergraduate research remains an underutilized pedagogical tool because it requires ample time, funding, and equipment. Various institutions feel these pressures differently, but for many small institutions, lack of laboratory equipment and financial support can hinder undergraduate research projects. However, these institutions have much to gain from undergraduate research, especially as it offers benefits not only for students but also for faculty. For small institutions, although the principle applies to larger institutions as well, green chemistry offers a promising way forward: undergraduate research projects focusing on green chemistry have all the benefits of other undergraduate research projects but can be undertaken with minimal infrastructure and reduced cost. As an added benefit, they can help to reinforce the values of safety and sustainability for future chemists. This paper offers an example of a successful undergraduate research project in chemistry in a small liberal arts university and demonstrates how a project in green chemistry can make research-based learning feasible even in institutions with limited resources. Specifically, this project focuses on the development of a bioinspired, environmentally friendly wound-care product derived from chitosan and two naturally occurring aldehydes, citronellal and cinnamaldehyde. In this project, the student researcher prepared two chitosan Schiff bases using citronellal and cinnamaldehyde and then characterized and evaluated the antimicrobial properties of these products. Results suggest that both Schiff bases are highly bioactive and could indeed have value in wound-care. This project has scientific benefit, of course, but it also has pedagogical merits, showing how green chemistry can enable institutions to offer valuable undergraduate research opportunities with limited funding and infrastructure. This paper concludes with suggestions for related (and feasible) undergraduate research projects in green chemistry. ©

Từ khóa

Green Chemistry; Hands-On Learning/Manipulatives; Interdisciplinary/Multidisciplinary; Organic Chemistry; Polymer Chemistry; Student-Centered Learning; Undergraduate Research; Upper-Division Undergraduate

Tài liệu tham khảo

George M.D., Bragg S., Santos A.G., Denton D.D., Gerber P., Lindquist M.M., Rosser J.M., Sanchez D.A., Meyers C., Shaping the Future: New Expectations for Undergraduate Education in Science, Mathematics, Engineering, and Technology, pp. 96-139, (1996); Science Teaching Reconsidered: A Handbook, (1997); Kuh G., High-Impact Educational Practices: What They Are, Who Has Access to Them, and Why They Matter, (2008); Healey M., Jenkins A., Developing Undergraduate Research and Inquiry, (2009); Reinventing Undergraduate Education: A Blueprint for America's Research Universities, (1998); Seymour E., Hunter A.B., Laursen S.L., Deantoni T., Establishing the Benefits of Research Experiences for Undergraduates in the Sciences: First findings from a three-year study, Sci. Educ., 88, pp. 493-534, (2004); Chapp T.W., Benvenuto M.A., Developing and Maintaining A Successful Undergraduate Research Program, (2013); Gourley B.L., Jones R.M., Best Practices for Supporting and Expanding Undergraduate Research in Chemistry, (2018); Potter S., Abrams E., Townson L., Williams L., Mentoring undergraduate researchers: Faculty mentors' perceptions of the challenges and benefits of the research relationship, TLC, 6, 6, pp. 17-30, (2009); Mills N.S., Undergraduate research from the perspective of a young faculty member, J. Chem. Educ., 61, 6, (1984); Armstrong L.B., Rivas M.C., Douskey M.C., Baranger A.M., Teaching Students the Complexity of Green Chemistry and Assessing Growth in Attitudes and Understanding, Curr. Opin. Green Sustain. Chem., 13, pp. 61-67, (2018); Summerton L., Hurst G.A., Clark J.H., Facilitating Active Learning within Green Chemistry, Curr. Opin. Green Sustain. Chem., 13, pp. 56-60, (2018); Haack J.A., Hutchison J.E., Green Chemistry Education: 25 Years of Progress and 25 Years Ahead, ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng., 4, pp. 5889-5896, (2016); Andraos J., Dicks A.P., Green Chemistry Teaching in Higher Education: A Review of Effective Practices, Chem. Educ. Res. Pract., 13, pp. 69-79, (2012); Ward A.M., Wyllie G.R.A., Bioplastics in the General Chemistry Laboratory: Building a Semester-long Research Experience, J. Chem. Educ., 96, pp. 668-676, (2019); Anastas P.T., Warner J.C., Green Chemistry: Theory and Practice, (1998); Hosseinnejad M., Jafari S.M., Evaluation of Different Factors Affecting Antimicrobial Properties of Chitosan, Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 85, pp. 467-475, (2016); Islam S., Bhuiyan M.A.R., Islam M.N., Chitin and Chitosan: Structure, Properties and Applications in Biomedical Engineering, J. Polym. Environ., 25, pp. 854-866, (2017); Pereira Dos Santos E.P., Nicacio P.H.M., Coelho Barbosa F.C., Nunes Da Silva H., Andrade A.L.S., Lia Fook M.V., De Lima Silva S.M., Farias Leite I.F., Chitosan/Essential Oils Formulations for Potential Use as Wound Dressing: Physical and Antimicrobial Properties, Materials, 12, 14, (2019); Croisier F., Jerome C., Chitosan-Based Biomaterials for Tissue Engineering, Eur. Polym. J., 49, 4, pp. 780-792, (2013); Ahmed S., Ikram S., Chitosan Based Scaffolds and Their Applications in Wound Healing, Achiev. Life Sci., 10, 1, pp. 27-37, (2016); Matica A.A., Aachmann F.L., Tondervik A., Sletta H., Ostafe V., Chitosan as a Wound Dressing Starting Material: Antimicrobial Properties and Mode of Action, Int. J. Mol. Sci., 20, 23, pp. 5889-5922, (2019); Rinaudo M., Chitin and Chitosan: Properties and Applications, Prog. Polym. Sci., 31, pp. 603-632, (2006); Perez-Alvarez L., Ruiz-Rubio L., Vilas-Vilela J.L., Determining the Deacetylation Degree of Chitosan: Opportunities to Learn Instrumental Techniques, J. Chem. Educ., 95, 6, pp. 1022-1028, (2018); Hudson R., Glaisher S., Bishop A., Katz J.L., From Lobster Shells to Plastic Objects: A Bioplastics Activity, J. Chem. Educ., 92, 11, pp. 1882-1885, (2015); Hurst G.A., Green and Smart: Hydrogels to Facilitate Independent Practical Learning, J. Chem. Educ., 94, 11, pp. 1766-1771, (2017); Lawrie G., Keen I., Drew B., Chandler-Temple A., Rintoul L., Fredericks P., Grondahl L., Interactions between Alginate and Chitosan Biopolymers Characterized Using FTIR and XPS, Biomacromolecules, 8, 8, pp. 2533-2541, (2007); Mathur N.K., Narang C.K., Chitin and Chitosan, Versatile Polysaccharides from Marine Animals, J. Chem. Educ., 67, 11, pp. 938-942, (1990); Harish Prashanth K.H., Tharanathan R., Chitin/Chitosan: Modifications and Their Unlimited Application Potential - An Overview, Trends Food Sci. Technol., 18, 3, pp. 117-131, (2007); Rodriguez-Vazquez M., Vega-Ruiz B., Ramos-Zuniga R., Saldana-Koppel D.A., Quinones-Olvera L.F., Chitosan and Its Potential Use as a Scaffold for Tissue Engineering in Regenerative Medicine, BioMed Res. Int., 2015, pp. 1-15, (2015); Kumar M.N.V.R., Muzzarelli R.A.A., Muzzarelli C., Sashiwa H., Domb A.J., Chitosan Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Perspectives, Chem. Rev., 104, 12, pp. 6017-6084, (2004); Fernandez J.G., Ingber D.E., Manufacturing of Large-Scale Functional Objects Using Biodegradable Chitosan Bioplastic, Macromol. Mater. Eng., 299, 8, pp. 932-938, (2014); Moradi S., Barati A., Salehi E., Tonelli A.E., Hamedi H., Preparation and Characterization of Chitosan Based Hydrogels Containing Cyclodextrin Inclusion Compounds or Nanoemulsions of Thyme Oil, Polym. Int., 68, pp. 1891-1902, (2019); Kana J.R., Meimandipour A., Antimicrobial Activity of Chitosan Film Forming Solution Enriched with Essential Oils; An in Vitro Assay, Iran. J. Biotechnol., 15, 2, pp. 111-119, (2017); Li Z., Yang F., Yang R., Synthesis and Characterization of Chitosan Derivatives with Dual-Antibacterial Functional Groups, Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 75, pp. 378-387, (2015); Croce M., Conti S., Maake C., Patzke G.R., Synthesis and Screening of N-Acyl Thiolated Chitosans for Antibacterial Applications, Carbohydr. Polym., 151, pp. 1184-1192, (2016); Kumar G.V., Su C.H., Velusamy P., Preparation and Characterization of Kanamycin-Chitosan Nanoparticles to Improve the Efficacy of Antibacterial Activity against Nosocomial Pathogens, J. Taiwan Inst. Chem. Eng., 65, pp. 574-583, (2016); Mohamed N.A., Fahmy M.M., Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of Some Novel Cross-Linked Chitosan Hydrogels, Int. J. Mol. Sci., 13, pp. 11194-11209, (2012); Hassan M.A., Omer A.M., Abbas E., Baset W.M.A., Tamer T.M., Preparation, Physicochemical Characterization and Antimicrobial Activities of Novel Two Phenolic Chitosan Schiff Base Derivatives, Sci. Rep., 8, (2018); Mohamed R.R., Fekry A., Antimicrobial and Anticorrosive Activity of Adsorbents Based on Chitosan Schiff's Base, Int. J. Electrochem. Sci., 6, pp. 2488-2508, (2011); Yin X., Chen J., Yuan W., Lin Q., Ji L., Liu F., Preparation and Antibacterial Activity of Schiff Bases from O-Carboxymethyl Chitosan and Para-Substituted Benzaldehydes, Polym. Bull., 68, pp. 1215-1226, (2012); Kumar S., Kumari M., Dutta P.K., Koh J., Chitosan Biopolymer Schiff Base: Preparation, Characterization, Optical, and Antibacterial Activity, Int. J. Polym. Mater., 63, pp. 173-177, (2014); Nabavi S.F., Di Lorenzo A., Izadi M., Sobarzo-Sanchez E., Daglia M., Nabavi S.M., Antibacterial Effects of Cinnamon: From Farm to Food, Cosmetic and Pharmaceutical Industries, Nutrients, 7, 9, pp. 7729-7748, (2015); Labib R.M., Ayoub I.M., Michel H.E., Mehanny M., Kamil V., Hany M., Magdy M., Moataz A., Maged B., Mohamed A., Appraisal on the Wound Healing Potential of Melaleuca Alternifolia and Rosmarinus L. Essential Oil-Loaded Chitosan Topical Preparations, PLoS One, 14, 9, (2019); Sharma R., Rao R., Kumar S., Mahant S., Khatkar S., Therapeutic Potential of Citronella Essential Oil: A Review, Curr. Drug Discovery Technol., 16, 4, pp. 330-339, (2019); Tamer T.M., Hassan M.A., Omer A.M., Baset W.M.A., Hassan M.E., El-Shafeey M.E.A., Eldin M.S.M., Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial Evaluation of Two Aromatic Chitosan Schiff Base Derivatives, Process Biochem., 51, pp. 1721-1730, (2016)

Nơi xuất bản

American Chemical Society

Hình thức xuất bản

Article

Open Access

Nguồn

Scopus