CHI TIẾT NGHIÊN CỨU …
Tiêu đề
Males' stories of unwanted sexual experiences: A qualitative analysis
Tác giả
Griswold S.R.; Kimball C.N.; Alayan A.J.
Năm xuất bản
2020
Source title
Psychology of Men and Masculinity
Số trích dẫn
3
DOI
10.1037/men0000247
Liên kết
Tóm tắt
Unwanted sexual experiences of males are largely stigmatized in American culture. Although males have experienced various types of sexual victimization and coercion, there is limited research that specifically explores males' experiences as distinctive from females' experiences. Our objective was to use qualitative research to gain a greater understanding of college males' unwanted sexual experiences while considering the potential influence of cultural context and myths about masculinity. Participants in this study were 590 undergraduate and graduate male students from a religious liberal arts college in the Midwest region of the United States who completed an online survey in the 2009-2010 academic year. Participants provided written responses to open-ended questions about unwanted sexual experiences (i.e., unwanted kissing, touching, intercourse, or any other form of sexual contact). The participants' narratives included both childhood and adult experiences. Qualitative thematic analysis (Braun & Clarke, 2006; Fereday & Muir-Cochrane, 2006) was used to draw meaning from the men's stories. Seventeen percent (n = 102) indicated having had an unwanted sexual experience, and 64% disclosed their experience to another. The authors identified 4 primary categories of unwanted sexual experiences, namely, Childhood Incest/Molestation, Silent Reluctance (inability to express reluctance), and Sexual Assault (which included rape, date rape, and sexual intimidation). The 4th category was Regret, where the experience was wanted at the time but later regretted. Fifty-two percent (n = 34) of the narratives explicitly or implicitly described experiences within a hetero-normative sexual script; prevalence of scripts was explored within particular types of experiences. Clinical implications are discussed. © 2020 american psychological association.
Từ khóa
Masculinity; Sexual scripts; Sexual victimization; Unwanted sexual experiences
Tài liệu tham khảo
Abma J.C., Martinez G.M., Sexual activity and contraceptive use among teenagers in the United States, 2011-2015, National Health Statistics Reports, 104, pp. 1-23, (2017); Alayan A., Griswold S., Neal Kimball C., Males' unwanted exposure to pornography: A qualitative analysis, (2017); Anderson I., What is a typical rape? Effects of victim and participant gender in female and male rape perception, British Journal of Social Psychology, 46, pp. 225-245, (2007); Artime T.M., McCallum E.B., Peterson Z.D., Men's acknowledgment of their sexual victimization experiences, Psychology of Men and Masculinity, 15, pp. 313-323, (2014); Bauer-Wolf J., Former Ohio State doctor abused nearly 200 young men with no consequences for decades, (2019); Catholic Church child sexual abuse scandal, (2019); Belknap J., Rape: Too hard to report and too easy to discredit victims, Violence Against Women, 16, pp. 1335-1344, (2010); Braun V., Clarke V., Using thematic analysis in psychology, Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3, pp. 77-101, (2006); Bullock C.M., Beckson M., Male victims of sexual assault: Phenomenology, psychology, physiology, Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law, 39, pp. 197-205, (2011); Chappell B., Penn State abuse scandal: A guide and timeline, (2012); Cochran J.K., Beeghley L., The influence of religion on attitudes toward nonmarital sexuality: A preliminary assessment of reference group theory, Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 30, pp. 45-62, (1991); Cohen J., A coefficient of agreement for nominal scales, Educational and Psychological Measurement, 20, pp. 37-46, (1960); Dube S.R., Anda R.F., Whitfield C.L., Brown D.W., Felitti V.J., Dong M., Giles W.H., Long-term consequences of childhood sexual abuse by gender of victim, American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 28, pp. 430-438, (2005); Elo S., Kyngas H., The qualitative content analysis process, Journal of Advanced Nursing, 62, pp. 107-115, (2008); Fagen J.L., Anderson P.B., Constructing masculinity in response to women's sexual advances, Archives of Sexual Behavior, 41, pp. 261-270, (2012); Fereday J., Muir-Cochrane E., Demonstrating rigor using thematic analysis: A hybrid approach of inductive and deductive coding and theme development, International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 5, pp. 80-92, (2006); Gagnon J.H., The explicit and implicit use of the scripting perspective in sex research, Annual Review of Sex Research, 1, pp. 1-43, (1990); Hall E.T., The hidden dimension, (1966); Henrich J., Heine S.J., Norenzayan A., The weirdest people in the world?, Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 33, pp. 61-83, (2010); Herbenick D., Fu T.J., Dodge B., Fortenberry J.D., The alcohol contexts of consent, wanted sex, sexual pleasure, and sexual assault: Results from a probability survey of undergraduate students, Journal of American College Health, 67, pp. 144-152, (2019); Hird M.J., Jackson S., Where 'angels' and 'wusses' fear to tread: Sexual coercion in adolescent dating relationships, Journal of Sociology, 37, pp. 27-43, (2001); Kernsmith P.D., Kernsmith R.M., Gender differences in responses to sexual coercion, Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 19, pp. 902-914, (2009); Kim J.L., Sorsoli C.L., Collins K., Zylbergold B.A., Schooler D., Tolman D.L., From sex to sexuality: Exposing the heterosexual script on primetime network television, Journal of Sex Research, 44, pp. 145-157, (2007); Krahe B., Men's reports of nonconsensual sexual interactions with women: Prevalence and impact, Archives of Sexual Behavior, 32, pp. 165-175, (2003); Landis J.R., Koch G.G., The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data, Biometrics, 33, pp. 159-174, (1977); Longest K.C., Uecker J.E., Moral communities and sex: The religious influence on young adult sexual behavior and regret, Sociological Perspectives, 61, pp. 361-382, (2018); Morgan E.M., Zurbriggen E.L., Wanting sex and wanting to wait: Young adults' accounts of sexual messages from first significant dating partners, Feminism and Psychology, 17, pp. 515-541, (2007); Muehlenhard C.L., Cook S.W., Men's self-reports of unwanted sexual activity, Journal of Sex Research, 24, pp. 58-72, (1988); Muehlenhard C.L., Humphreys T.P., Jozkowski K.N., Peterson Z.D., The complexities of sexual consent among college students: A conceptual and empirical review, Journal of Sex Research, 53, pp. 457-487, (2016); Neal C.J., Mangis M.W., Unwanted sexual experiences among Christian college women: Saying no on the inside, Journal of Psychology and Theology, 23, pp. 171-179, (1995); Neal Kimball C., Griffith Griswold S., Mangis M., Gender and religious sexual scripts: Listening to emerging adults' stories of unwanted sexual experiences, (2013); Palmer R.S., McMahon T.J., Rounsaville B.J., Ball S.A., Coercive sexual experiences, protective behavioral strategies, alcohol expectancies and consumption among male and female college students, Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 25, pp. 1563-1578, (2010); Regnerus M., Forbidden fruit: Sex and religion in the lives of American teenagers, (2007); Rodino-Colocino M., Me too, #MeToo: Countering cruelty with empathy, Communication and Critical/Cultural Studies, 15, pp. 96-100, (2018); Smith L.H., Ford J., History of forced sex and recent sexual risk indicators among young adult males, Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health, 42, pp. 87-92, (2010); Stemple L., Meyer I.H., The sexual victimization of men in America: New data challenge old assumptions, American Journal of Public Health, 104, (2014); Struckman-Johnson C., Forced sex on dates: It happens to men, too, Journal of Sex Research, 24, pp. 234-241, (1988); Twenge J.M., IGen: Why today's super-connected kids are growing up less rebellious, more tolerant, less happy-and completely unprepared for adulthood-and what that means for the rest of us, (2018); Attorney general Eric Holder announces revisions to the uniform crime report's definition of rape, (2012); Waldner-Haugrud L.K., Magruder B., Male and female sexual victimization in dating relationships: Gender differences in coercion techniques and outcomes, Violence and Victims, 10, pp. 203-215, (1995); Weiss K.G., Male sexual victimization: Examining men's experiences of rape and sexual assault, Men and Masculinities, 12, pp. 275-298, (2010); Wolitzky-Taylor K.B., Resnick H.S., McCauley J.L., Amstadter A.B., Kilpatrick D.G., Ruggiero K.J., Is reporting of rape on the rise? A comparison of women with reported versus unreported rape experiences in the National Women's Study-Replication, Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 26, pp. 807-832, (2011); Zweig J.M., Barber B.L., Eccles J.S., Sexual coercion and well-being in young adulthood: Comparisons by gender and college status, Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 12, pp. 291-308, (1997)
Nơi xuất bản
American Psychological Association Inc.
Hình thức xuất bản
Article
Open Access
Nguồn
Scopus